bicycle paths

With economic development and urban construction, quicken the pace of modern city buildings and gradually surface water blocking materials such as hardening of concrete cover on the formation of the ecology road voyage in a magnificent expedience to the people at the same time, the impervious surface to the city surroundings also brought great negative shock.
for impermeable concrete and asphalt road surface matter, production expensive natural precipitation into the ground tin not be normal, in appending to the redundant pumping of the groundwater, guiding to the city pile up low water table, forming a geology on the seawater intrusion; In increase, the impervious surface is difficult to heat and air, water exchange, the lack of urban surface temperature and humidity regulation, resulting in meteorology, the the ground surface makes the city the normal growth of plants is difficult, very difficult to make the city green, green high cost; impervious road surfaces to water, reducing the road solace and safety. When the concentration of rainfall among a short time rain water facilities tin only be dismissed into the river, adding to the burden of urban drainage facilities.
other reasons as impervious surface due to the sharp decline in groundwater has become increasingly seriously endanger the survival of our environment. In recent years, to the frequent accident of urban man-made misadventure, we must arouse our vigilance:
following decades of uncontrolled over-exploitation, the outstanding Shaanxi perennial decline of groundwater level in the plain, forming a giant funnel, the ancient city Xi'an unconsciously annuals of settlement history of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda is also a 1198 mm, and the west incline of 886 mm .2000, Xi'an City surface cracks arose in four, up to four kilometers wide and 30 cm, causing structural mar to many buildings .
understood as This, Jinan municipal divisions heavily invested 2 billion yuan, citing Huang Baoquan, recharge and recharge to its former natural landscape Baiquan spouting, yet absences an external complement our precious water.
Tianjin as the groundwater level The sharp decline, causing salt water intrusion, salt water into the groundwater. To solve the problem of urban water supply in the servant money in building the first water diversion project - problem of the shortage of urban water resources, built in 2001 and urgent, occasion great and lasting impact. Some studies have shown .1959 to 1993 in Tianjin, and seawater intrusion deserving to ground subsidence caused 17.2 billion yuan of straight economic loss, oblique loss of 172.4 billion yuan, a aggregate of 189.6 billion yuan.
airtight The road is complicated to heat and wind, water exchange, the lack of urban surface temperature and moisture norm, resulting in meteorology, the a lofty concentration of air pollution in the isle; impervious surface in the ground made the city the natural growth of plants is complicated, very difficult to make the city green, green high spend;
hardened ground to make rain fall to the city by the sun and immediately re- evaporation, drying the surface so namely the city is more serious. increase the city's dust pollution, the city's humidity varies greatly: rapid evaporation of water after rain, air humidity, peppery people feel the ache, and later the exception of the dry. < br> tree growth is the need to breathe and the water, hardening the surface will make the city's trees died due to lack of water or root lodging.
in the summer, hardened ground absorption, storage and reflect solar heat, surface temperature can rise a few degrees. This will increase the city's hot, primarily in the modern city of skyscrapers, additional the city paid because the cooling stamina expense.
in the winter, is easily hardened ground freezes in the snow, which people voyage send a variety of inconvenience or even risky, but the hardship will increase the snow, when snow can not be added using the groundwater.
water impervious road surfaces to reduce the road comfort and safety. < br> When the concentration of rainfall within a short time, the rain water drainage facilities can only be discharged into the river through the city, heavy rain when the city could easily lead to serious water, not only increased the burden on urban drainage facilities, and make valuable water resources stream away in vain.
harden the road surface so that rain deposition, this area would cause traffic congestion, increased pollution of vehicle exhaust emissions, on the other hand, when liquefied in water cross-flow large number of urban pollutants by rain water directly discharged into the regional pipeline rivers, causing water pollution. and formed puddles on the roadside, but also for the summer mosquito breeding areas invested.
rapid economy evolution today, in the process of establishing an multinational city, the road led to the hardening chain-like negate achieve of the urban environment: surface dry, keen decline in groundwater class, surface temperature is high, water blockage, snow, slippery and so on. Therefore, how to solve the city's water problems has convert one multinational city building major problem. The vicissitudes of life elapse and present show the truth: there is water in the city, is the perpetual city.
replace orthodox materials with permeable paving materials, road construction has become an international metropolis and successful experience. urban water-permeable surface, so that natural precipitation to infiltrate into the ground directly into groundwater, this train has ancient cities in China, laying on the ground and the orthodox courtyard commonly used. Therefore, since the nineties in the twentieth century to lest the laying of impervious surface has been hardened the unity of the world's urban construction and practices. laid the ground is looked as permeable urban environmental quality, reduce hot flashes, hindrance of floods, water resources and prevent land subsidence keep an momentous fathom of ecological sustainable development of urban construction and an important sign .
as permeable pavement material has many ecological avails,toronto escort, in the human quest for harmony with nature and maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development thought, Europe, Japan and some other developed countries, 70 from the final century, began research and development permeable pavement materials, and applied to square, pedestrian street, road sides and the central isolation belt, park roads and parking lots, increasing the city's flooding breathable space, urban micro-climate regulation, maintaining ecological balance received a good effect. such as Germany in the early 80s of last century, the seepage road material production has more than 45 million square meters, according to reports, the present and promote the use of eco-road up to 2,000 million square meters. Japan in the year 1988 reached 500 million square meters construction volume increased year by year since 1996 to approach 863 million square meters, and although the impact of the economic downturn in 1998 still reached a volume of 7.19 million square meters of construction. sidewalks and use the square of the total in 1998 to 80 years % or more, accounting for 10% of the lane. At present, exotic materials, mostly concrete quality water seepage, infiltration water is not good, for a better solution to flooding problems in the construction of the road blocks to increase the breach, a gap-type flooding, even the production the grass planting bricks. but this is not only permeable poor results, the breach is also easy to grow weeds. To solve this problem, use of sewage sludge in Japan INAX corporation, the second firing of ceramic production and permeable paving slabs. permeable paving permeable rate of ceramic high performance, is an ideal surface material. currently in Hokkaido, Japan ceramic permeable paving slabs laid on the sidewalk has reached 25%, 40% of Tokyo would have to change the sidewalk pavement permeable pavement (pervious ceramic .) Taiwan and South Korea and Hong Kong, China permeable paving blueprint is creature implemented.
order to safeguard the survival of the people environment, preserve the ecological equilibrium of the surface to solve the upon problems, such as by the United States building materials Co., Ltd. Zibo research and development and production of gradient holes permeable ceramic paving tiles, the permeable brick in November 22, 2001 to obtain the PRC Intellectual Property Office published a patent certificate, January 11, 2002 by the Ministry of Construction mobilized by the experts, and triumphed the product Even whether the next tempest, rain can quickly through the surface, into the ground, can retain the valuable water resources, greatly cultivate the city's ecology and alive environment. recharge groundwater resources to maintain the stability of the urban water table.
as pore gradient ceramic slabs to capillary permeability through pore structure, in the rain, with the surface temperature, stored in the hole under the gradient of permeable sand and macadam layers of ceramic slabs of rain will automatically slow evaporation, evaporation of water will absorb heat, lower surface temperature, stable humidity of the air,beijing massage, eliminating the water, hardening of the road will make the city's trees died due to lack of water or basis lodging. The gradient porous ceramic slabs hole its good permeability to solve this problem, which is greening the city, particularly the Millennium trees protection and exceedingly advantageous to the growth of valuable tree category.
superior environmental protection: pore gradient permeable paving slabs of ceramic waste recycling is not only a new type of environmental conservation and ecological construction materials, and its own agreeable environmental protection.
pore gradient permeable paving blocks are ceramic garbage ceramics, refractories, cooked industrial consume materials such as coke cortex, spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, waste incineration remnant, urban sewage sludge as raw materials, with its own regeneration, along to the standards of Green Olympics, pore gradient of permeable paving blocks are criterion ceramic green Olympic products.
gradient of the pore surface of porous ceramic paving tiles is rough nice amount from repression, was porous honeycomb framework, the brightness buffet the road resulting from astigmatism, does not generate the same refraction of mediocre reflective road blocks to discourage the reflected light on the walker eye exposure, protecting people's health.
gradient porous ceramic slabs hole because of its unique porous honeycomb structure, can absorb the noise reduce urban noise, to achieve the intention of repealing noise.
gradient behind the rain kept in chasms under the pervious sand membrane ceramic paving the rain ambition automatically slow evaporation, and stability not only to increase the humidity of the air, and to some extent on the digestion of motorcar exhaust, air purification, reduce traffic exhaust pollution in urban air.
good security: the gradient porous ceramic slabs hole surface roughness, skid resistance, dress resistance, and Yu Xuetian no product road water, the Pacers will not slide, and prevent night reflective, so that vehicles and pedestrians with a good safety and comfort.
economic and practical: Although permeable pore gradient higher than the amount of ceramic slabs of the same type The concrete block bricks,2009-05-02 | [ Ashes and Snow ] pretty shambles, but its comprehensive cost cutback, with good economic practicality.
laying low cost, porous ceramic pore gradient means for laying paving slabs: the bottom of the soil compaction is a maximal, chief storage for the 300mm gravel layer, the upper hole for the dry mart ceramic permeable paving block gradient. The laying cost far fewer than other shops with watery concrete pavers.
gradient porous ceramic slabs hole because of its high strength, wear resistance, frost monetary performance, its life is much higher than other types of road blocks. Therefore, the pore gradient ceramic permeable paving slabs with good economic and practical.
gradient porous ceramics as a hole for the road paving slabs laid, the sand layer and pavers can retention a lot of water, reducing the city's drainage load. has been tested, per square measure of water permeable pavement can be 0.12m3. Thus, even heavy rain, the rain falls on the permeable pavement will not efflux, not only can greatly reduce the load on urban drainage and prevent flooding the city after the storm. Where accessible, permeable pavement can be situated deep wells drilled so rapid recharge underground water may raise the city's water table, and further reduce the urban drainage the burden on facilities.
excellent technical performance: pore gradient ceramic permeable paving blocks are manufactured using high temperature sintering ceramic materials, more than whichever other road material has great technical performance.
gradient of the permeable ceramic slabs hole is sintered at high temperature, compressive strength g35MPa, flexural strength g3.5MPa. are much higher than the building materials manufacture, the laying of the material standards;
As a outcome of the production process of ceramic materials, therefore, pore gradient of permeable paving blocks can be ceramic with a kind of colors, can be laid out artistic urban scenery, with anti-fouling ecology, rain alternatively high pressure water jets will clean; technical representation surface materials commonly used in China compared
Performance Comparison Table
pavement material properties usually accustomed in China Product Comparison Table

strength (MPa)
volume density (g/cm3)
porosity permeable
(%)
features
price
(Yuan / m2)
compressive strength of concrete cubes
bending

20-50
4-5
1.6-2.1
no 0-6
impervious short life
20-60
granite
10-20
1-4
1.6-2.1
no 0-2
impervious, smooth surface, high cost
30-150
concrete interlocking bricks
15-45
4-5
1.9-2.2
general
12-16
seepage cracks, effortless to violence taint, raw permeable weed
40-70
ceramic tiles
g35
g3.5
g1.8
good g30
permeable, breathable, non-slip, noise
physical properties of GOME pervious models SPSB
strength (MPA)
g35
g50
flexural strength (MPA)
g3.5
g6.0
water permeability (ml.cm/cm2.s)
g0.035
antifreeze
15 freeze-thaw wheels, dry hunk loss of not more than 2%
durability (mm)
mill pit width l50
applications: ceramic permeable paving stop gradient holes wide scope of petitions, arranging the ground covered at permeable surface space include:
ecological park, sidewalks, pedestrian streets, bike paths, rural roads and hiking on foot Road

buildings around open car park, gardens and avenues of the ground
special lanes and garages out of the public square
Drive
model descriptions and sizes: rectangular bricks, square bricks, lead bricks, stop brick, grass brick
100t200t45/50/60mm, 200t200t45/50/60mm